DOI: 10.32702/2307-2105-2020.12.108
УДК: 338
Н. О. Краснікова, І. В. Волошина
ЕНЕРГОЕФЕКТИВНІСТЬ В КОНТЕКСТІ ЕНЕРГЕТИЧНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ НАЦІОНАЛЬНОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ
Анотація
Сьогодні енергетична сфера за своїм впливом на інші складові економіки відіграє ключову роль. В свою чергу, національна енергетична безпека сфокусована не лише на фізичній доступності енергії, особливо нафти, і “доступності” з точки зору рівня цін. Із зростанням чисельності населення і обсягу споживання ресурсів, усвідомленням кліматичних змін і переходу до економіки сталого розвитку, акценти у визначенні енергетичної безпеки змістилися на питання збереження довкілля і підвищення енергетичної ефективності.
В даній статті проаналізовано поняття енергетичної безпеки як складової економічної безпеки і самостійного напряму - одного із найважливіших інструментів економічної політики як для держав-імпортерів, так і експортерів паливно-енергетичних ресурсів. Розглянуто основні методи забезпечення енергетичної безпеки, а також досліджено роль енергоефективності як найкращого з альтернативних варіантів забезпечення економічної і енергетичної безпеки на національному і глобальному рівні.
Ключові слова: енергоефективність; енергетика; безпека; ресурси; глобальна економіка.
Література
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N. Krasnikova, І. Voloshyna
ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN THE CONTEXT OF ENERGY SECURITY OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY
Summary
Nowadays, the energy sector is one of the main components of the national economy. Therefore, energy security plays a key role for creating the conditions for the proper functioning of all economic entities. The problem of availability of fuel and energy resources is facing the society of the XXI century in two guises: first as a way to increase the competitiveness of the national economy through the production of innovative products, and then as a need to reduce the harmful effects on the environment from excessive emissions of CO2 and associated greenhouse gases.
The global energy system began its formation as a result of the oil embargo of the Arab countries in 1973, which had great political and economic consequences for industrialized countries. The oil crisis has led to various declines in oil imports and a rapid rise in valuable resources. Thus, in the period before the energy crisis, the main concept of energy security was focused on the physical availability of energy, especially oil, and then - "accessibility" came to the fore in terms of price levels. Issues of energy security are of paramount importance not only in the program of energy sector state regulation and economic development; they play a key role for the foreign affairs for each country.
This is how the definition of energy security of the World Energy Council was formed as "confidence that energy will be available in the quantity and quality that are needed under these economic conditions". Later, with population growth and resource consumption, awareness of climate change, and the transition to a sustainable economy, the emphasis in defining energy security has shifted to preserving the environment and improving energy efficiency. Therefore, energy efficiency is the best alternative to ensure economic and energy security at the national and global levels, and one of the main goals of today. The purpose of the article is to study the essence of the concept of energy security, to determine the role of energy efficiency as its structural component, and to outline the dimensions of energy security. The analysis of energy security concept, the study of energy efficiency role as its structural component, and the definition of methods of energy security is considered in the article.
Keywords: energy efficiency; energy; security; resources; global economy.
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№ 12 2020
Дата публікації: 2020-12-26
Кількість переглядів: 11814
